Ask HN: How do you handle marketing as a solo technical founder?

I've shipped multiple products over the past few years. Every single one followed the same pattern: build, post, get 12 likes from friends, a bit of organic traction, then nothing. Back to coding a new thing.

I know I need marketing help but giving equity to someone I met online feels like a huge risk. At the same time hiring a paid marketer when you have zero revenue feels just as scary. And I'm not dancing on TikTok, that's for sure.

Have any of you actually taken on a marketing co-founder? What made you say yes to that person specifically? Was it their track record, the way they pitched, a trial period first?

93 points | by lazarkap 12 hours ago

34 comments

  • jason_zig 10 hours ago
    I solo founded a business and it just crossed 100K MRR (still solo). The trick is:

    1. Don't give up after the first month of no traction, if you can get at least 1 customer at this stage that is a good sign.

    2. Make contact with every customer you acquire, find out why they installed your product and what they want from it. Build any feature that they say is missing and offer the best customer support possible

    3. Repeat this for a period of time. Once you have more customers the circumstances will change but this how you go from 0 -> 1 and get some runway IMO

    • Alacart 5 hours ago
      Good advice. Do you think the part of point two about building every feature request might be a bit risky for some solo folks?

      It’s easy to get carried away building every request, especially with early adopters who likely aren’t actually invested yet but may be excited about their own vision for it.

      My personal experience is that too much of it leads to the product becoming a sort of shapeless, unwieldy ooze. Or perfect for one customer and few others. Some things can be tough to undo later too, so you might end up supporting them a lot longer than you’d like.

    • Meld5792 2 hours ago
      This hit at the right time.

      I just launched something and the first few days have been quiet. Reading this made me decide to keep going.

      Point 1 especially. Thank you.

    • lazarkap 3 hours ago
      100K MRR solo is insane, congrats.

      I think the "Make contact with every customer" hits hard here. I think a bunch of people forget they you talk to people more.

      Nothing to say, great advice.

    • another_twist 8 hours ago
      Underrated advice here.
    • jerrygoyal 8 hours ago
      yeah but how to get new customers
      • Alacart 5 hours ago
        Go looking for them wherever you think they might gather or hang out (online or in person). Reach out to those who seem like a good fit and ask them about the problem(s) they’re having that your product solves. Once you know if your product would actually solve it well for them, tell them about it in earnest.

        If you’re doing that honestly, where they really have that problem and you actually have a good solution, you’d be a jerk not to lightly pitch it at that point.

        You could probably do that up to 100 or so customers reasonably easily.

      • clapthewind 5 hours ago
        You've to go into founder mode - solve problems that exist for customers you've already discovered, rather than build something and expect magical "marketing" to find customers. The latter was previously a weak strategy, and is completely gone with the AI era. No alternative to working very closely with customers.
        • jerrygoyal 5 hours ago
          Honestly, I'm still not quite seeing how this fits into marketing. I get that we're focusing on our current customers, but how do we actually bring in new ones?
  • codingdave 11 hours ago
    You seem to have missed the key step. Talk to customers before you build. Build what they need. Then have them talk to you to adjust things until you really nailed down the product that solves their needs, and then have them talk to their friends about how much you rock.

    Marketing comes later.

    • collin128 11 hours ago
      Strong agree here. I'm a non-technical founder.

      I tend to interview 30-50 people initially to find a gap in the market. If I'm into something (strong PMF), a good percentage of those people I interviewed will be future buyers.

      I typically have cascading meetings for the following steps:

      1 - is this 10X better than what currently exists

      2 - does our prototype look 10X better

      3 - does our v1 solve the gap we found

      4 - what features do we need to build in order to get you to pay for it

      5 - what features do we need to get you to refer us to 3 friends

      A meeting for each of those goals typically leads to customers (again, if I've found PMF).

      • ericd 10 hours ago
        How do you usually find the people you interview?
        • redbonsai 8 hours ago
          You can use a platform like Respondent to recruit extremely specific demographics. It's not cheap, but if you're strategic with your interview questions you can get really concrete directional signals with as few as five participants.
          • ericd 7 hours ago
            Ah very cool, thanks for the pointer!
        • abadar 8 hours ago
          I'm in sales. This is going to sound shallow and tautological, but you find the people to interview for Product Market Fit by looking for the people you THINK are the ideal customers.

          If you can't find your target market, you might want to consider a different demographic that you understand better. Most successful startup founders started a business specifically to solve the problems they dealt with at their last job. They understand their product market fit because they ARE their target market.

          • ericd 8 hours ago
            Thanks, but I meant more in a tactical/practical sense. What channels do you tend to use to look for those people and contact them?
            • gomox 6 hours ago
              Depends on the audience, the not-so-technical marketing term for the concept is a "watering hole".

              First step is guessing who your customers might be.

              • ericd 6 hours ago
                Yep, makes sense, have any good illustrative examples? Thanks for the term, though, makes it more googleable.
                • gomox 6 hours ago
                  Tell me who you think your customers might be? Or ask ChatGPT what's a good watering hole for them, it will definitely come up with some reasonable guesses.
                  • ericd 4 hours ago
                    Was largely asking for all the people looking for specifics, since people were asking, and vague advice isn't very helpful when first starting out with this stuff. Like broadly, I've had luck with Linkedin messages for b2b and SEO for consumer, but mostly after the product is in an ok place. The initial users can be tough to find.

                    But sure, I'm working on things for parents/students, home buyers, and DIY heat pump installers.

                    • gomox 4 hours ago
                      Off the top of my head (don't expect any revelations here, but mostly for people wondering how to approach this type of thing for the first time):

                      * Parents/students hang out at schools and are probably a good referral/recommendation crowd

                      * Home buyers are looking for mortgage comparisons on Google (but that's probably a terrible strategy, since this is a highly lucrative segment to market to, so you should expect high customer acquisition costs)

                      * DIY heat pump installers will probably look at ads on /r/DIYHeatPumps

        • yokuze 9 hours ago
          My question exactly.
          • csacc 8 hours ago
            Also my question
    • lazarkap 3 hours ago
      I've definitely been guilty of building first and hoping customers appear. Funny timing on this post though, because right now I'm actually in the middle of doing exactly what you're describing.
    • pizzly 9 hours ago
      Perhaps in the past. I think the approach now will be to vibe code multiple projects very quickly and see which one has traction even with a low quality product. You will get much better feedback than a discussion with a potential customer who may not even know what they want or have a false idea of what they want. You can always improve a product that has demand and abandon the ones that no one even downloads. Usage and payment are the real test if a product is worth doubling down on.
      • kmoser 7 hours ago
        This might work to some degree if you can run your project by many eyeballs, but only if they aren't immediately made gun shy by interacting with a low quality product. A focus group environment would be good for this, but setting that up costs money.
    • garrickvanburen 9 hours ago
      I flip this around.

      Marketing comes first. Sales second. Product third.

  • bko 9 hours ago
    What's the product?

    I found the only thing that reliably works is direct sales. Find people that could potentially use your product and message them. Find them in forums, chats, email, LinkedIn, wherever.

    If I had something I was into or did and someone took the time to reach out to me to try to show me something they built in a personal way, I would definitely be receptive.

    Online stuff is cheap. I built products, posted on Reddit and had literally thousands of people come to my site. Not one person bothered to go to the home page and ask "what is this product". And this was when there were a lot fewer bots and scrapers. No ones going to use your product because he saw some crap on TikTok. It's cheap engagement

    • lazarkap 3 hours ago
      Platform where technical founders post their live products and marketers pitch to join as co-founders or paid partners. Built it because I kept running into the exact problem in my post. Not live yet but close.

      I think I am definitely gonna try the direct sales approach, to try and fill out the platform once its ready.

    • kmoser 7 hours ago
      > No ones going to use your product because he saw some crap on TikTok. It's cheap engagement

      If your product is a wellness product or app, that's like catnip for a TikTok influencer. If it's a B2B SaaS, probably the opposite.

  • PaulHoule 12 hours ago
    Marketing can be a lot of different things.

    I brought on a high-touch salesperson on spec years ago and it did not work out. He and I were really successful at getting audiences with people but we never made the sales we were looking for and, worse, he lost me small cheap jobs that I could have sold myself. He'd probably say it was a product problem and he might have been right but later on I found out I wasn't the only person who had the same experience with him.

    For some products you need those kind of skills. I've met people like him who really are worth their weight in gold.

    For other products you need somebody who can make an Adwords campaign, analyzes the analytics, refine it and repeat. That kind of person can be worth their weight in gold too.

    For this conversation to be productive you have to have some idea if you need one or the other or a bit of both.

    • Imustaskforhelp 11 hours ago
      If I may ask, was the product B2B or B2C and do you feel any particular advice which can be different for the two (B2B/B2C), I would love to hear your opinions on it.
      • PaulHoule 9 hours ago
        B2B with a high level of customization. Sales would have been very high touch and not all on the run ads, sleep, repeat model you see in B2C.
  • mickael-kerjean 8 hours ago
    When bootstrapping something, marketing is about finding distribution channels that work for you. Looks like you never found such distribution channels, learn and keep grinding on that, organic and tik tok dancing is not the only game in town. I do everything from tech to sales, marketing and support for my company based of my oss work: Filestash (https://github.com/mickael-kerjean/filestash). For my business, the most important channel is SEO and particularly creating online tools to get people to interact with the product so if you search for "online ftp client", "online s3 browser" you will inevitably found my product. That's the top of the funnel, the cold traffic and the goal is then to transform that onto paid customers. For me, I make calls with users, try to understand their problem and fix it for them. In practice it's a lot tougher than it looks because with AI less and less people are / will pay for software
    • lazarkap 2 hours ago
      The SEO + free tools as a funnel is something I hadn't thought about before.

      Not universal for every product but for the right one it's a really clean distribution channel that compounds over time. The "make calls with users" part is universal though, that's the one I keep avoiding and probably shouldn't.

      How long before the SEO started moving for you?

  • another_twist 8 hours ago
    I guess the question is who is your customer or more specifically who's your buyer, who's your user and where do they hang out ? Also how do people find out about you product ? Distribution takes time, so I think its important to gauge interest upfront rather than commit to building first.

    In general, the answer usually is to find people in your own network. If you go by that funnel the first thing you need is a network. LI is great at this. The next thing is to see who in your network is worth talking to. Find out whether the pain-point that you recognized resonates with them. A LI blast to your network might work as well to give you a bit of credibility. One thing that is cited often that does NOT work is spamming people asking for their time to learn about a problem. Nobody ever got back to me wit this method. But asking people in your own network for warm intros almost always works.

  • gbourne1 8 hours ago
    As a builder/developer, marketing often isn't considered "fun". But you need to do it, else the build was for your personal entertainment/learning exp (which is sometimes a good thing).

    What I do is stop building and focus 100% on marketing - well, 90% because I can't help myself. Even if this isn't as "fun", you need to switch modes and stop building.

    As for my approach, I start with Google Ads + SEO/AEO. Google ads can get results in a few weeks (Google does have a learning phase) and SEO and AEO is a much longer process, which can be months before you see results. I use AHREF to check my SEO/AEO progress. While AHREF isn't a direct measurement of Google, I've found their DR to be correlated with my organic traffic.

    • lazarkap 2 hours ago
      The 90% is relatable, I physically cannot stop building even when I know I should be doing something else. The mode switching is the hardest part, not the marketing itself.

      Good reminder that ads can show results fast while SEO compounds slowly, running both makes sense.

  • gomox 8 hours ago
    Message me I'll do 2h of being your marketing cofounder for free.

    Source: CS grad turned revenue person

    • mikenikles 7 hours ago
      How about this counter offer? I give you 50% of the revenue for any sale you make for https://seaquel.app. If you tell me we need a lifetime offer, consider it done.
      • siriusastrebe 5 hours ago
        This product looks fantastic!

        I got one question that I can't find the answer to on the website.

        What sql variants does it support? Postgres? MariaDB?

      • mikenikles 7 hours ago
        Oh wait... haha your source doesn't match your professional experience :). My offer still stands though.
        • gomox 6 hours ago
          Not sure what you mean, I am definitely a CS grad and I run a Sales/Marketing org I built at a company I used to be CTO of :)
    • lazarkap 2 hours ago
      I'd love to take you up on that. Sending you a message, do you have an email/linkedin or preferred way to connect?
  • garrickvanburen 9 hours ago
    “The business enterprise has two—and only two—basic functions: marketing and innovation.” - Peter Drucker

    I'm pretty sure my primary job is marketing the work that I do.

  • reassess_blind 11 hours ago
    I've always relied on Google Ads and eventually SEO for my SaaS products. For SEO, I've had good success with having the landing page be an unauthenticated version of the app itself (modified to include SEO friendly text), allowing the users to immediately start using a limited version of the app which eventually prompts for signup. After signup, any data from the landing page shell gets pushed into their account.

    This significantly reduces bounce rate compared to a traditional landing page and I've had good success getting to the top of popular search terms after a few months/years.

  • dubeye 3 hours ago
    It’s easy to learn it’s just boring. Spend half your time marketing from day one. Be strict about it
  • mannyv 9 hours ago
    Think of marketing as "letting people who might use/buy your product that it exists."

    You can't buy it if you have no idea it exists, right?

    So how do you get the word out to the potential duatomers? You can read traction (the book), or just ask gemini/perplexity where you should advertise to find them.

  • didgetmaster 12 hours ago
    Jobs and Wozniak proved (at least in the 70s) that a great technical founder could team up with a brilliant marketer and build a huge company from next to nothing.

    I seriously wonder if that can happen today. As a technical founder, I have tried to find a marketing partner for years. Every time it has failed miserably as each one proved unable to move the needle.

    In my case, it could be the product, but I wonder who has seen success in this day and age.

    • lazarkap 2 hours ago
      This is exactly the problem I've been sitting with for some time now. Every platform I tried to find a marketing partner on was either dead, full of bots, or just a generic co-founder matching app with no real skin in the game.

      I'm actually building something about this, would love to stay in touch and share it with you when it's live. Might be exactly what you've been looking for.

      In case you are interested to stay in touch, shoot me a message. (https://www.linkedin.com/in/lazarbogosavljevic/)

    • iterateoften 11 hours ago
      Jobs was a marketer, a product visionary and a ruthless businessman. You need more than just marketing.
      • hungryhobbit 10 hours ago
        Asshole. The word you're looking for is asshole.

        I once knew a guy who was disabled and walked on crutches. Jobs got mad at him for being late to a meeting, and the guy replied "well someone parked in the handicapped parking spot, and it took me awhile to walk from a normal parking spot.

        No joke, Jobs looks him (a disabled person) directly in the eye, and says "oh, that was me; I think the country built an excess of disabled parking spaces after WW2." To the disabled guy!!!

      • jonwinstanley 9 hours ago
        Also considered to be one of the best ever at these
  • keithnz 10 hours ago
    depending on product, I've been using Claude code to do market analysis. I'm quite surprised at how good it has been. I'm not sure how well it works in general, but for Agriculture (which we target) there is a LOT of information out there so analyzing market segments is pretty good.
  • CSP_LIBRARY 5 hours ago
    It's not impossible to be a one-man army. carry on
  • atarian 8 hours ago
    >I know I need marketing help but giving equity to someone I met online feels like a huge risk.

    doesn't seem like you're risking much if your products are not getting any traction in the first place

  • brudgers 12 hours ago
    You take off your solo technical founder pants and put on your solo marketing founder hat.

    In business, selling is much much much more important than making because if you have money you can hire technical workers. But nobody will care nearly as much about survival as you.

    And if you have a technical background you are much more likely to have technical people in your network. Good luck.

    • Alacart 4 hours ago
      Pants are for closers.
  • lostathome 6 hours ago
    Very useful advice on this post.
  • manojpathak 8 hours ago
    I am curious what products you shipped? Could you share link of 1 or 2 here?
    • lazarkap 2 hours ago
      Most of them are down honestly, which kind of proves the point of my post.

      Ourbit (ourbitapp.com) is still a work in progress (wrapping up the demo/assetes/characters).

      BuzzBench is down but the repo is open and there's a demo video if you want to see what it did: github.com/LazarKap/buzzbench / https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yAnbZMoQvmQ.

      Building something new right now that's directly about this problem, will share when it's live.

      Next to this, I have like 3 more failed projects.

  • ofabioroma 9 hours ago
    Every change you do to make the product better 10x the effectiveness of your mkt
  • sltr 7 hours ago
    There's been a course for that since before 2015: https://30x500.com/academy/

    I am currently taking it.

    From the landing page:

    > Most of us, when we want to ship a product, we start at the beginning and with the most obvious ingredient: the product. Because when you can create, the act of creating feels most natural and straightforward. But it makes it so easy to end up with a product that nobody wants to buy. And isn't that every new entrepreneur's worst nightmare? All that work, and nobody cares.

  • maxmorrish 8 hours ago
    honestly the thing that worked best for me was just writing about the problem i was solving, not the product. like a dev.to post about why server side processing is unnecessary for most dev utility tools got way more traction than any "hey check out my thing" post ever did. people engage with the take, then they find the tool naturally. also reddit > twitter for early stage imo, the subreddits are way more targeted
  • ChrisArchitect 7 hours ago
    Recently:

    Marketing for Founders

    https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=47380295

  • FpUser 11 hours ago
    On one particular project I started by "spamming" relevant interest based forums. Luckily I was a member of said forums for quite a while before I have released my first version. It was about 13 years ago. Strategy had worked and then I got CEO as a partner along with some investment so I no longer had to do it
  • blindriver 8 hours ago
    > Every single one followed the same pattern: build, post, get 12 likes from friends, a bit of organic traction, then nothing.

    > I know I need marketing help but giving equity to someone I met online feels like a huge risk.

    No offense, but your equity, from your own admission, is literally worthless. If someone decides to help you out for your equity, you should be jumping for joy. Most likely you need to pay out of your pocket, but if you're not willing to risk your own capital, then how can you expect others to risk theirs?

    • lazarkap 2 hours ago
      None taken, I agree with you, and it is a fair point. I need to rethink my approach.
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